Clinical value of Ki-67 and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 in stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ A salivary duct carcinoma / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective:To explore the clinical value of Ki-67 and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) in salivary duct carcinoma in stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ A. Methods:The data of 52 cases of locally advanced salivary duct carcinoma(SDC) diagnosed from January 2012 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent radical surgery and postoperative radiotherapy. Among them, 15.4% of patients had local recurrence, 28.8% had distant metastasis, 17.3% had regional recurrence with distant metastasis. The relationship between clinical features, pathological features such as Ki-67 and HER-2 and prognosis such as local recurrence and distant metastasis was analyzed.Results:The average follow-up time was 37.6 months. The 1- and 2-year local recurrence free survival, distant metastasis free survival, progression free survival were 86.5%, 73.1%, 65.4% and 67.3%, 55.8%, 46.2% respectively. The 3-year progression free survival rate was 33.3%. Comparison between groups showed that age ≥ 65 years old, T stage, TNM stage, vascular tumor thrombus, radiotherapy dose <60 Gy, Ki-67 positive index and HER-2 positive were related to the prognosis of different stages. In multivariate analysis, only age, Ki-67 positive index ≥ 60% and HER-2 protein (3+ ) were independent poor prognostic factors for locally advanced SDC ( t =5.16, 9.84, 8.23, P<0.05). Conclusions:In stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ A SDC, only radical surgery and postoperative radiotherapy have a high rate of distant metastasis. Ki-67 positive index and HER-2 positive are independent adverse prognostic factors.

Carcinoma del conducto salival: estudio clínico/patológico e inmunohistoquímico de 5 casos / Salivary duct carcinoma: a clinicopathologic and inmunohistochemical study of 5 cases

El carcinoma del conducto salival es un tumor epitelial maligno agresivo, que involucra principalmente a la glándula parótida, con características histológicas semejantes al carcinoma ductal de glándula mamaria. El propósito de este trabajo fue presentar los resultados clínico-patológicos de cinco casos de carcinoma del conducto salival primario de glándula parótida y evaluar la expresión de Ki67. Histológicamente, el carcinoma del conducto salival presentó nidos epiteliales con patrones papilar, sólido y cribiforme, comedonecrosis tanto en la lesión primaria como en los nodos linfoides metastásicos y, además, invasión perineural. Se demostró con Ki 67 una alta proliferación celular en cuatro (80 %) de los cinco casos estudiados. Se concluyó que: el carcinoma del conducto salival es una lesión maligna de mal pronóstico, raramente informado en la literatura odontológica, con características histológicas semejantes a las del carcinoma ductal de alto grado de la mama; la comedonecrosis es un signo específico de esta enfermedad; puede desarrollarse "de novo" o en un adenoma pleomórfico preexistente; su diagnóstico diferencial histopatológico es fundamental para planificar su tratamiento y determinar su pronóstico, a pesar de su tratamiento quirúrgico y radioterapia postoperatoria es un tumor agresivo con alta proliferación celular, infiltración perineural, recurrencias y metástasis.

Salivary duct carcinoma is an aggressive malignant epithelial tumor, primarily involving the parotid gland, with histologic features similar to ductal carcinoma of the breast. The purpose of this work was to report the clinicopathological results of five cases of primary salivary duct carcinoma of the parotid gland and evaluate the expression of Ki67. Histologically, salivary duct carcinoma presented epithelial nests with papillary, solid, and cribriform patterns, with comedonecrosis in both the primary lesion and the metastatic limph nodes, and perineural invasion. A high cell proliferation was demonstrated with Ki67 in four (80 %) of the five cases studied. We concluded that: salivary duct carcinoma is a malignant lesion with a poor prognosis, rarely reported in the dental literature, with histological characteristics similar to those of high-grade ductal carcinoma of the breast; comedonecrosis is a specific sign of this disease; may develop "de novo" or in a pre-existing pleomorphic adenoma; its differential histopathological diagnosis is essential to plan its treatment and determine its prognosis; despite its surgical treatment and postoperative radiotherapy, it is an aggressive tumor with high cell proliferation, perineural infiltration, recurrences and metastasis.

Carcinoma del conducto salival: presentación de un caso / Salivary duct carcinoma: report of a case

El carcinoma de conductos salivales (CCS) es una neoplasia maligna primaria clínica y patológicamente distinta de las glándulas salivales. Debido a su rareza existe una falta de documentación exhaustiva en la literatura con respecto a sus características, manejo y resultados clínicos. En la presente publicación se presenta un caso de un paciente de sexo masculino de 74 años, que acudió al servicio de odontología del Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos Presidente Perón de Avellaneda. El resultado ecográfico arrojó a nivel submaxilar derecho una imagen nodular de aspecto solido que mide 25 x 24 mm Se le realizó la intervención quirúrgica y el resultado anatomopatológico confirmó el diagnóstico de carcinoma de conductos salivales, una de las neoplasias salivales más agresivas. En la actualidad, la muerte ocurre en 60 a 80% de los pacientes, por lo general dentro de los 5 años; alrededor del 33% desarrolla recidiva local y más del 50% metástasis a distancia, en sitios que incluyen pulmones, huesos, hígado, cerebro y piel (AU)

Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a clinically and pathologically distinct primary malignant neoplasm of the salivary glands. Due to its rarity, there is a lack of exhaustive documentation in the literature regarding its characteristics, management, and clinical results. This publication presents a case of a 74-year-old male patient who attended the dentistry service of the Interzonal General Acute Hospital President Perón by Avellaneda. The ultrasound result revealed a nodular image at the right submaxillary level solid aspect measuring 25 x 24 mm. Surgical intervention was performed, and the pathological result confirmed the diagnosis of salivary duct carcinoma, one of the most aggressive salivary neoplasms. Currently, death occurs in 60% to 80% of patients, usually within 5 years; about 33% develop local recurrence and more than 50% distant metastases, at sites including the lungs, bones, liver, brain, and skin (AU)

Clear cell-rich salivary duct carcinoma involving the palate / Carcinoma do ducto salivar rico em células claras envolvendo o palato

ABSTRACT Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a rare and aggressive neoplasm arising from salivary glands. SDC occurs most frequently in major salivary glands, with isolated cases arising from the minor salivary glands. The occurrence of clear cells in salivary gland tumors is uncommon and is rarer in SDC cases. We report the case of a 51-year-old male diagnosed with a clear cell variant of SDC in the minor salivary gland, involving the left hard palate. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed positivity for HER2/neu and GATA-3. The patient was submitted to radical surgical excision, neck dissection, and radiotherapy. Unfortunately, he died 14 months after the cancer diagnosis.

RESUMEN El carcinoma ductal de las glándulas salivales (CDS) es un tumor raro y agresivo que surge de las glándulas salivales. El CDS ocurre con mayor frecuencia en las glándulas salivales mayores, sin embargo, existen casos aislados de afectación en las glándulas salivales menores. La aparición de células claras en los tumores de las glándulas salivales es infrecuente y más rara en los casos de CDS. Presentamos el caso de un varón de 51 años al que se le diagnosticó la variante de células claras del CDS en la glándula salival menor, que afecta al paladar duro izquierdo. El análisis inmunohistoquímica reveló positividad para HER2/neu y GATA-3. El paciente fue sometido a escisión local quirúrgica radical, disección del cuello y la radioterapia. Desafortunadamente, murió 14 meses después del diagnóstico de cáncer.

RESUMO O carcinoma do ducto salivar (CDS) é um tumor raro e agressivo que se origina nas glândulas salivares. O CDS ocorre mais frequentemente nas glândulas salivares maiores, porém, há casos isolados de acometimento nas glândulas salivares menores. A ocorrência de células claras em tumores de glândulas salivares é incomum, sendo ainda mais rara nos casos de CDS. Relatamos o caso de um homem de 51 anos de idade que foi diagnosticado com a variante de células claras de CDS em glândula salivar menor, envolvendo o palato duro do lado esquerdo. A análise imuno-histoquímica revelou positividade para HER2/neu, GATA-3. O paciente foi submetido a excisão cirúrgica radical, esvaziamento cervical e radioterapia. Entretanto, ele faleceu 14 meses após o diagnóstico do câncer.

Clinicopathological analysis of 40 cases of salivary duct carcinoma / 中华口腔医学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the clinical manifestations and pathological changes of salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) and the relationship between them, so as to provide reference for the diagnosis of SDC.@*Methods@#In this retrospective analysis 40 cases of SDC diagnosed from January 2012 to August 2018 in the Department of Pathology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were enrolled and the clinical and pathological characteristics were analyzed, 29 were male and 11 were female, the ratio of male to female was 2.64∶1, the median age was 59.0 years, the average course of disease was 3.5 years. The reported cases of SDC were reviewed and compared with patients of this study.@*Results@#Among the 40 patients, 24 cases occurred in parotid gland, 9 cases in submandibular gland and 7 cases in small salivary glands; 24 cases had cancer cell infiltration and invasion of adjacent tissues, 11 cases had lymph node metastasis and 9 cases had distant metastasis at the time of diagnosis. Pathological results showed that 27 cases belonged to primary salivary duct carcinoma, 13 cases belonged to malignant transformation of pleomorphic adenoma; 10 cases invaded local nerve, 22 cases invaded glandular lobules and ducts. Immunohistochemical results showed that 33 cases were positive for androgen receptor, 27 cases were positive for cytokeratin-7, 22 cases were positive for human epidermal growth factor receptor-2, 8 cases were positive for gross cyst disease fluid protein 15. The proliferation index of nuclear antigen Ki-67 ranged from 10% to 90%. Among them 18 cases were over 50% and 22 cases were below 50%.@*Conclusions@#Salivary duct carcinoma is a rare and highly malignant tumor of the salivary gland. Accurate pathological diagnosis is helpful to inhibit the early local recurrence, distant metastasis and improve survival rate of salivary duct carcinoma.

Intraductal Carcinoma of Salivary Gland Originating from an Intraparotid Lymph Node: A Case Report

@#Introduction: Salivary gland intraductal carcinoma (IDC) is rare. We present the second case of IDC originating from an intraparotid lymph node (LN) with a more detailed description of the histogenesis, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and updated molecular information. Case Report: An 87-year-old male had a tumour nodule over the left parotid tail for about 20 years. Physical examinations revealed a 4.5 cm soft, non-tender and fixed mass. After the left parotidectomy, pathology confirmed the diagnosis of IDC arising within an intraparotid lymph node. The cystic component of the tumour was lined by single to multilayered ductal cells with micropapillary growth pattern. The solid part showed intraductal proliferation of neoplastic cells in solid, cribriform, micropapillary and Roman bridge-like structure. By immunohistochemistry (IHC), the tumour cells were positive for S-100, CK (AE1/AE3), mammaglobin, SOX10, and estrogen receptor (ER), with myoepithelial cell rimming highlighted by positive p63 and calponin IHC stains. The prognosis of this patient is excellent after complete excision. Discussion: The mechanism of salivary gland tumour arising in the intra-parotid gland LN was assumed to be related to salivary duct inclusion within the intraparotid gland LN which is a normal occurrence during embryology development. Although the terminology may raise some confusion about the relationship between IDC and conventional salivary duct carcinoma (SDA), they are different in immunophenotype and clinicopathologic features. IDC is characterised by S100 (+) ER (+) with predominant intraductal growth and excellent prognosis; while SDC features S100 (-) androgen receptor (+) with predominant invasive growth and aggressive behavior. Recent discovery of recurrent RET gene rearrangement in IDC but not SDC also supports that IDC is not precursor lesion of the SDC.

Preliminary observation of arsenic trioxide inhibitory effect on salivary duct carcinoma / 实用肿瘤学杂志

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effects of arsenic trioxide on salivary duct carcinoma cell colony and to explore a new approach to treat salivary duct carcinoma .Methods Human salivary duct carci-noma cancer cells were established .The effects of different concentrations (0.5、1、2、4μmol/L)and time(48,96 H) of arsenic trioxid on salivary duct carcinoma cell colony and the changes of the cell colony were observed with MTT assay and microscopic cell analysis .Results Human salivary duct carcinoma were significantly inhibited by Different concentrations of arsenic trioxide at different times points , and the relationship between the doses and time points are dependent ,cell atypia disappearing apoptosis appears apoptotic bodies .Conclusion Arsenic tri-oxide can significantly inhibit proliferation ,induce differentiation and promote apoptosis in the salivary duct carci-noma cells .

Salivary duct carcinoma: Correlation of morphologic features by fine needle aspiration cytology and histopathology.

Background: Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a highly aggressive primary salivary gland neoplasm that resembles intraductal and infiltrating breast carcinoma. Objectives: To review cytomorphologic features of histology proven SDC and evaluate potential pitfalls in cytologic diagnosis. Materials and Methods: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of five histologically proven SDCs were reviewed. Results: One patient was an elderly male (61 years), while the other four patients were younger, in their fourth decade (average age: 38 years). The initial cytologic diagnoses in two of the cases were poorly differentiated carcinoma with differential diagnosis of SDC and high grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma, while in the third case, a possibility of malignant mixed tumor was suggested. In fourth and fifth cases, the diagnosis was suggestive of pleomorphic adenoma with cystic change. The spectrum of cytologic changes included flat sheets and cohesive papillary and three-dimensional clusters. There was moderate to severe nuclear pleomorphism and atypia. Cribriform pattern and necrosis were occasionally identified. Prominent bright granular metachromatic stroma was seen in two of the cases interpreted as pleomorphic adenoma with cystic change and in the tumor reported as suggestive of malignant mixed tumor. The fifth case showed numerous cyst macrophages and apocrine cells with mild nuclear atypia. Conclusion: FNAC of SDC is difficult to interpret because of overlapping cytomorphologic features. Bland cytomorphologic features in some cases and several clinical pitfalls are demonstrated in our series.

Sarcomatoid salivary duct carcinoma of minor salivary gland: A rare case.

A 35-year-old female presented with swelling in the soft palate. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) revealed pleomorphic adenoma, and on histopathological examination, it was diagnosed as carcinosarcoma/salivary duct carcinoma in the minor salivary gland, which was confirmed by immunohistochemical stains. We report this case for its rarity.

A Case Report of Salivary Duct Carcinoma

PURPOSE: Salivary duct carcinoma(SDC) is uncommon but high grade adenocarcinoma arising in the ductal epithelium of salivary glands. SDC is characterized by distinctive clinical and pathologic features. The most important histologic aspect of this neoplasm is its resemblance to ductal carcinoma of the breast. Clinically SDC is defined by cervical lymph node involvement and distant metastasis with a high rate of recurrence and mortality. We described some of the clinical and pathological features of SDC and the management using case report for our patient. METHODS: We present a case of a 40-year-old male with 2-year history of a swelling arising in his left preauricular region. There was a single painless, firm and solid 2x1.5cm mass in the left parotid area. Facial nerve function was intact and no cervical lymph node were palpable. In August 2005, we found out 1.7x1.8cm sized cystic, nodular lesions that were located in the superficial lobe of left parotid gland through Computed tomography. And then superficial parotidectomy and postoperative radiation therapy were performed in Jan 2007. RESULTS: Pathologically, the specimen were consisted of homogeneous, chondoid to myxoid type of tissues. It was yellow mass that has multiloculated cystic lesions. In postoperative PET(Positiron emission tomography) CT, there was no evidence of uptaking FDG(Fluorodeoxyglucose) into the deep layers of parotid gland and distant metastasis were not seen. CONCLUSION: Salivary duct carcinoma(SDC) is a rare but high grade adenocarcinoma related to pleomorphic adenocarcinoma. The prognosis of SDC can be different according to the type of tumor such as mucoepidermoid adenocarcinoma, adenoid duct carcinoma and acinar cell carcinoma. So we need to study more carefully for accurate diagnosis in early stage of diagnosis. Although radiotherapy has not yet proven to be a significant factor in overall survival, the combination of parotidectomy and postoperative radiation therapy can lead to more favorable results in treating of SDC.

Treatment of Salivary Duct Carcinoma: A Case Report

Salivary duct carcinoma is a high-grade adenocarcinoma arising from the ductal epithelium and has very low prevalence. We report a case of salivary duct carcinoma in high risk group with satisfactory result. A 65-year-old male was referred to our clinic complaining of mass on Rt. cheek. Preoperative CT and MRI shows 2.0x1.9cm sized multilobulated, cystic mass on the superficial lobe of Rt. parotid gland and multiple lymph node enlargement thorough the Rt. internal jugular chain. Total parotidectomy and modified radical neck dissection with adjuvant radiation therapy was performed. Pathologic result was salivary duct carcinoma and resection margin was free. Postoperative radiation therapy with 6400cGy(200cGyx 12 fx) was performed. During the 24-months of follow up periods, recurrence or complications associated with operation and radiation therapy was not observed. Salivary duct carcinoma is rare disease with very poor prognosis. Lymph node metastasis is commonly accompanied at the time of diagnosis. Distant metastasis is the most common cause of death. Total parotidectomy, radical neck disssection and adjuvant radiation therapy can be the appropriate modality for the control of the salivary duct carcinoma especially in high risk group.

Salivary Duct Carcinoma with Mucin Containing Cells: Report of a Case Misdiagnosed as Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma on Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology / 대한세포병리학회지

Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a rare primary salivary gland malignancy characterized by histological features similar to those of ductal carcinomas of the breast. It is regarded as a high-grade malignancy associated with frequent local recurrences and early distant metastases that require aggressive treatment. The typical fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) findings in SDC include cellular smears showing tumor cells with eccentric pleomorphic nuclei and a granular cytoplasm arranged in flat sheets or cribriform patterns against a necrotic background. However, the presence of mucin-containing cells in SDC has been rarely described. We report the FNAC findings in a patient with histologically confirmed SDC that demonstrated numerous mucin-containing cells and was subsequently misdiagnosed as a high-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Here we discuss the problems involved in distinguishing SDC from high-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma on the basis of cytologic findings alone.

A Case of Salivary Duct Carcinoma Ex Pleomorphic Adenoma of Parotid Gland / 대한이비인후과학회지

Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of the salivary gland is a relatively uncommon tumor that accounts for roughly 4% of all malignancies at this location. The lesion occurs when a malignant tumor arises in the epithelial component of a pleomorphic adenoma. It usually arises in the parotid gland. Typically, it is a high grade carcinoma, frequently leading to metastasis and disease-related death. We experienced a case of a salivary duct carcinoma that arose in the epithelial component of a pleomorphic adenoma in the parotid gland with neck metastasis. After total parotidectomy and modified radical neck dissection, he was given 10, 980 cGy of radiation postoperatively for 7 weeks. The clinicopathologic feature of this tumor are presented with a review of literatures.

Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Salivary Duct Carcinoma with Calcification in Submandibular Gland: A Case Report / 대한세포병리학회지

Salivary duct carcinoma is an uncommon aggressive malignant epithelial neoplasm with similarity to intraductal carcinoma of the breast. This neoplasm occurs most often in the parotid gland of middle-aged and older males. About 7% of reported tumors occured in the submandibular gland. The report of salivary duct carcinoma with calcification is rare. We report a case of salivary duct carcinoma with calcification in the submandibular gland. The patient was a 73-year-old male with a mass of the right submandibular gland for 1 year. On the fine needle aspiration cytology, the aspirate showed scant cellularity, small clusters of tumor cells, and scattered small calcifications. Nuclei of the tumor cells showed mild pleomorphism and round to oval in shape, and cytoplasm was abundant and finely granular. Nucleoli were indistinct and necrosis was not noted. There were no cribriform or papillary arrangements of tumor cells. Cytologic findings of salivary duct carcinoma are variable depending on histologic findings, and calcifications could be an additional cytologic finding.

Salivary Duct Carcinoma: 2 Case Reports / 대한이비인후과학회지

Salivary duct carcinoma is a distinctive salivary gland neoplasm, morphologically characterized by intraductal and infiltrating components. It is an uncommon malignant tumor that occurs in the major salivary glands and its biological behaviour is highly aggressive. Therefore, a salivary duct carcinoma is regarded as a high-grade malignancy. We experienced two cases of salivary duct carcinoma in parotid gland and submandibular gland. The clinicopathologic features of these tumors are presented with a review of literature.

A Case of Salivary Duct Carcinoma in Parotid Gland / 대한이비인후과학회지

The salivary duct carcinoma(Speichelgangcarcinoma) was first applied by Kleinsasser et al7) to a group of carcinomas of the salivary glands that histologically resembled ductal carcinoma of the breast. The criteria for the diagnosis of salivary duct carcinoma are circumscribed epithelial nests, having a papillary, cribriform, and/or solid architecture coupled with central necrosis. The neoplasm occurs beyond the age of 50(median 63 years). Its biologic behavior is highly aggressive; the metastatic and tumor-related death rates were 75% and 73%, respectively. All surviving patients have been treated with combined parotidectomy and radiotherapy. The authors recently experienced a case of salivary duct carcinoma in right parotid gland which was treated with total parotidectomy and postoperative radiotherapy and report with review of literature.